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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Judge Rotenberg Educational Center ： ウィキペディア英語版 Judge Rotenberg Educational Center The Judge Rotenberg Center (JRC, originally founded as the Behavior Research Institute) located in Canton, Massachusetts is a residential facility that uses behavioral treatments, methodologies and educational services to work with children and adults with severe developmental disabilities and emotional or behavioral disorders, through day, residential, and respite programs. JRC states that the center applies the science and technologies of behavioral psychology to the education and treatment of severe behavior disorders, using several basic principles, including near-zero rejection and expulsion policy regardless of severity of behavior or disability, active treatment rather than warehousing, and decreased use of medications and varied rewards programs. JRC is one of the few schools in the United States currently using aversives (unpleasant stimuli to punish behavior), and the only one using skin shocks as aversives, a controversial practice that has attracted considerable criticism from educators, governmental bodies, and disability rights and human rights groups. While JRC contends that electric shocks are used as a last resort only in cases of violent and self-injurious behavior, a 2006 report by the New York State Education Department found that shocks were used for minor episodes of noncompliance, and that students were not provided with positive behavior supports, contrary to JRC's claims. There is limited peer-reviewed research on the effectiveness and safety of the devices that administer these shocks. In its 2006 ''Private Special Education School Program Review Report of Findings'', the Massachusetts Department of Education found that unsigned Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) were being utilized for students at JRC, and that the school did not have a written policy indicating that it must obtain consent before revising or changing an IEP.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Program Review Report of Findings )〕 ==History== The center was founded as the Behavior Research Institute in 1971 by Dr. Matthew L. Israel, a psychologist who trained with B. F. Skinner.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 History of JRC )〕 In 1994, the center changed its name to the Judge Rotenberg Educational Center "to honor the memory of the judge () helped to preserve () program from extinction at the hands of state licensing officials in the 1980s."〔 JRC moved from its original location near Providence, Rhode Island to its current facilities in Canton, Massachusetts in 1996. The move allowed an expansion of the numbers of individuals served, as well as a new location in one of the center’s major service areas (Massachusetts). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Judge Rotenberg Educational Center」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.